What is ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy)?
ESWL is a non-invasive medical procedure used to treat kidney stones. It utilizes high-energy shock waves generated outside the body to target and fragment stones into tiny, sand-like particles that can naturally pass through the urinary tract. Widely utilized in modern urology clinics in Adana, this method offers a significant alternative to open or endoscopic surgeries, minimizing the need for general anesthesia.
How is the ESWL Procedure Performed?
The procedure begins with the patient lying on a specialized treatment table. Advanced imaging techniques, such as ultrasound or fluoroscopy (X-ray), pinpoint the exact location of the stone. A water-filled cushion coupled with the shock wave generator is placed against the skin over the target area. The main steps of the procedure include:
- Targeting: The stone's coordinates are mapped using real-time imaging.
- Shock Wave Delivery: Acoustic waves travel through the body's tissues, focusing energy directly onto the stone.
- Fragmentation: Over a 30 to 45-minute session, approximately 2000 to 3000 shock waves shatter the stone into passable fragments.
Who is a Suitable Candidate for ESWL?
The success of ESWL depends on several clinical parameters. It is typically recommended for:
- Patients with kidney stones smaller than 2 cm located in the kidney or upper ureter.
- Stones with low to moderate density, such as calcium oxalate dihydrate or uric acid.
- Patients without active urinary tract infections or bleeding disorders.
- Non-pregnant individuals.
Recovery and Post-Procedure Care
Following the session, patients are usually discharged on the same day. As the fragmented stones pass through the urinary system, mild discomfort and temporary hematuria (blood in the urine) may occur. To facilitate the passage of stone fragments, patients are advised to increase fluid intake and use prescribed medications. Immediate medical attention should be sought if high fever, persistent nausea, or inability to urinate occurs.