Modern urology offers highly effective pharmacological and behavioral methods for the treatment of nocturnal enuresis in adults. With a properly planned treatment, patients can completely overcome this condition within a few weeks. This article discusses the approaches of current pharmacological and behavioral therapies in nocturnal enuresis treatment.
1. Behavioral Modifications (First Step)
Before initiating pharmacological treatment, the daily habits of patients are regulated:
- Fluid Restriction: Stopping fluid intake (especially diuretics like tea, coffee, and alcohol) after dinner, at least 2-3 hours before bedtime.
- Scheduled Voiding: Completely emptying the bladder right before going to bed.
- Enuresis Alarms: Training the brain to perceive bladder fullness using special bed alarms that activate with the first drop of urine and wake the patient.
2. Current Pharmacological Treatments
Pharmacological treatment is initiated when behavioral methods are insufficient:
- Desmopressin (Synthetic ADH): A tablet-form medication that replaces the Antidiuretic Hormone deficient in the body at night, reducing nocturnal urine production by the kidneys. It provides rapid and safe results.
- Anticholinergics and Beta-3 Agonists: Medications that prevent involuntary bladder contractions during sleep and increase bladder capacity.