Interstitial cystitis is one of the leading chronic bladder diseases that occurs much more frequently in women than in men, significantly reduces the quality of life, and is difficult to diagnose. Interstitial Cystitis (Painful Bladder Syndrome) is a non-infectious chronic inflammatory and irritative condition of the bladder wall with an unknown exact cause. The diagnosis and treatment of this complex disease are carried out in guidance with current urology and andrology guidelines.
What is Interstitial Cystitis and What Causes It?
In standard cystitis cases, bacteria are present in the urine, and the condition resolves quickly with antibiotic treatment. However, in interstitial cystitis, urine tests and cultures are completely clean. The condition begins when the protective glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer of the bladder is damaged, allowing acidic and toxic substances in the urine to seep into the bladder muscle layer and irritate the nerve endings.
Course of the Disease and Psychological Effects
Interstitial cystitis causes patients to urinate 30-40 times a day and experience unbearable pelvic pain as the bladder fills. This condition can leave patients homebound, causing insomnia and severe depressive states. Therefore, it is essential to address not only the physical but also the psychological aspect of the disease.